Short question answer of DBMS for grade 10 and SEE

Database Management System (DBMS)   

Short question answer of the DBMS. (It carries 8 marks)

1)  Write the difference between data and information.

Ans: Following are the difference between data and information.

 

Data	Information
Data is the collection of facts.	Information is processed as data
It doesn't depend on Information.	It depends upon data.
It can't be used for decision making	It is widely used for decision-making.

 

 2) What do you mean by Database?    (SEE 2073. 2074) Give Examples.  (SLC 2068, supp. 2070, SEE 2072, SEE 2073 supp)

Ans: A database is the collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.

Examples: Result sheet, Dictionary, Inventory, etc..

 

3) Write the importance of the Database.

The importance of a database are as follows:

i) Data can be stored in a small area.

ii) Computerized databases save time while searching specific data.

iii) Database can store the data for a long time.

iv) Computerized databases save data from being lost.

 

4) Write the advantages of a computerized database. (SLC 2071)

Ans: Following are the advantages of a computerized database:

i)  Efficient data access

ii) It provides data integrity and security

iii) Easy in data administration or data management

iv) Provides concurrent access

 

 5) What is a Database Management System (DBMS)?  (Specification grid – 2065)

Ans: A database management system is a collection of software that manages data stored in a database. It is a collection of software that is used to store data, and records, process them and obtain desired information.

 

6) List some popular database management system software.

Ans: Some popular DBMS software are as here under:

Dbase,  FoxPro, Ms-Access, Oracle,  Sybase,  SQL , My SQL etc..

 

 7) Write the features of DBMS.

Ans: The features of DBMS are as follows:

i) Easy to add new data

ii) Easy to modify the data

iii) Delete existing data

iv) It reduces data redundancy.

v) It provides data security and privacy.

vi) Sorting and indexing data.

vii) Easy to search the data

viii) Print the formatted report

ix) It can use SQL.

 

8) Write the advantages (SEE 2075) and disadvantages of DBMS.

Advantages:

i) It reduces data redundancy.

ii) It allows sharing of data among different users and programs.

iii) Easy for editing, adding, and removing data.

iv) Mass storage of data can be stored in a small disc.

v) It provides a better interacting environment for the user.

Disadvantages:

i) Costly and time-consuming procedures.

ii) Additional hardware and software may be required.

iii) Qualified personnel required to operate.

iv)  Data security problems may occur.

 

9) Write the different elements of the Database.

Ans: Different elements of the database are as follows:

Field: 

It is the smallest unit of the database. It is a place where many types of information are stored. It corresponds to a column in the physical database. Example: Name, age,  phone, etc. It is a basic unit of information.

Record: 

A record is a collection of multiple related fields, which may give complete information about a person or thing. It corresponds to a row in a physical database.

Table: 

A table is a collection of records or a group of records. A table contains a number of rows and columns.

Tuple: 

A record row in a database is called a tuple.

Index: 

The index is used to keep the data in an organized form and helps faster retrieval of data.

Cell: 

A cell is an intersection of rows and columns.

Character: 

A character is a basic unit of data that can be a letter or digit or specific symbol.

File: 

A file is a group of the same type of entities or records.

 

10) What is a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)?

Ans: RDBMS is the most widely used type of DBMS. In addition to storage and timely retrieval of data it also preserves the relationship between different sets of data.

 

11) What is a relationship?

Ans: A relationship is a link between two or more tables so that we can work with them much as we do a single table.

 

12) Write the importance of relationships in the database.

Ans: When we create forms, queries, and reports we can pull information from more than one table. This work can be done by creating suitable relationships among tables.

 

13)  List the different types of relationships in DBMS.

Ans: Following are the different types of relationships in DBMS.

i) One to one            eg. Driver and car

ii) One to many        eg. Teacher and students

iii) Many to many    eg. Books and readers

iv) Many to one        eg. Students and school

 

14) What is the Primary key? (SEE 2073)

Ans: A primary key is a field that uniquely identifies each record in a table. Each record in the table must be unique. 

 

15) Write the importance of the primary key. (SEE 2073, SEE 2075)

Ans: A primary key is used to avoid data redundancy or non-repeation of data. It does not accept a null value in the primary key field.

 

16)  What is a Compound key (Composite key)?

Ans: A compound key is a key that consists of multiple columns because one column is not sufficient for uniqueness.

 

 17) Define the Foreign key.

Ans: A foreign key is a linking pin between two tables.

 

18) What is Microsoft Access?

Ans:  Microsoft Access is a desktop database management system, where data are arranged in the form of tables. It allows the user to create a database, add, edit, delete, sort, and print the records.

 

19) List the different Objects of Ms-Access. (SLC 2071)

Ans: In Access, all objects of a table are stored in a single file. The file name default extension is .MDB

 The objects Ms-Access are as follows:

i) Table

ii) Query

iii) Form

iv) Report

v) Macro

vi) Module

 

20) Write the Features of Ms-Access.

Ans: The features of Ms-Access are as follows:

i) The table stores information.

ii) It is easy to add, edit, delete, and display the data.

iii) It provides useful database features tables, forms, reports, and queries.

iv) It stores the data with other applications such as Word, excWebPagesel, and webpages.

v) It incorporates other languages like SQL, Macro, and Visual Basic (VB)

 

21) What is Table? Write the importance of the table.

Ans: It is one of the objects of Ms-Access. A table is the collection of data about a specific topic.

i) Importance of table:

ii) To store the data about a specific topic.

iii) It holds the main information.

iv) It facilitates grouping and storing the relevant data.

 

22) In how many ways you can create a table?

Ans: We can create a table in the following ways:

i) Design view

ii) Using wizard

iii) By entering data

 

23) What is Query? (SEE 2072) Write the importance of the query.  (Specification Grid – 2065)

Ans: Query is one of the most important objects of Ms-Access. It displays the data on the basis of a specific condition.

Importance of query:

i) It displays the result of different tables.

ii) It sorts and filters the data.

iii) It manipulates the data according to the user's choice.

iv) It can be used as a source of records for forms and reports.

 

24)  What can you do in a query?

i) In what order the field should appear.

ii) To view, change and analyze the data.

iii) To give criteria for each field.

iv) To display the records, join tables and display results.

 

25) Write the different ways of creating a query.

i) Using wizard

ii) Using design view

 

26)  List the different types of queries.

i)  Select query

ii) Action query

iii) Cross-tab query

iv) SQL query

 

 27) Write the different types of action queries.

i) Append query

ii) Delete query

iii) Update query

iv) Make table query

 

28) What is Forms?  (SLC 2068, SEE 2073 Supp.) Write the importance of form. (SLC 2070 Supp.)

Ans: A form is a database object which is designed to enter new records and edit existing records easily.

Importance of Form:

i) It is used to make modifications or addition of the data directly into the table.

ii) To view the table in a user-defined manner.

iii) You can control and enhance the way your data looks on the screen.

iv) You can perform extensive editing of data using macros and VB procedures.

v) You can link multiple forms or reports by using macros or VB procedures that are run from buttons.

 

29) Write the Advantages of form over the table.

Ans: The following are the advantages of form over the table.

i) Forms are easier to enter data than tables.

ii) It is easier to make modifications than the table.

iii) It is easier to focus on just the information needed.

iv) In form in your own way you can design on the screen.

v) You can perform editing of data using macros or visual basic procedures.

 

30) Write the different ways of creating form.

i) Auto form

ii) Using the wizard

iii) Using form object

 

31) List the different controls used in Forms.

i) Selecting control

ii) Moving control

iii) Grouping control

iv) Resizing control

v) Aligning control

 

32)  What is Report? List the importance of the report. (SLC 2070)

Ans: It is a very important object of a database. A report is an effective way of presenting your data in a printed format or on-screen softcopy.

Importance of report:

i) It allows the complete output of the processing of a database.

ii) Reports can compare, summarize and subtotal large sets of data.

iii) Reports can be created to produce attractive invoices, purchase orders, mailing and labels.

iv) You can view the report on your screen before printing it.

 

33)  In how many ways you can create a report?

i) Auto report

ii) Report wizard

 

34) What is Wizard?

Ans: A wizard is a small program that interviews us, asking questions about what we want to accomplish, then it takes over answers and creates the table, query or whatever according to our specification.

 

35) Difference between design view and wizard.

Design view	Wizard
It is time-consuming	It saves our time
We can make our own design	We can choose formats from pre-mode one.

 

36) What do you mean by Data type? List the different data types used in Ms-Access. (Spec. grid–2065, SLC 2070, supp 2070, SEE 2072, SEE 2073, 2074)

Ans: Data type is an attribute for a field that determines what type of data it can contain. Following are the data types used in Ms-Access:

Setting/ Data type	Types of data	Size
Text	Text of combination of text and numbers	Up to 255 characters
Memo	Lengthy text or combination of text and numbers	Up to 65,535 characters
Number	Numeric data Byte: Integer Without decimal Large integer Without decimal Single: Double	1,2,4,8,16 bytes starts 0 to 255 - 32768 to 32767 2 bytes approx. 2 billion 2 billion stores with 6 digits, 4 bytes stores 10 digits, 8 bytes
Date/time	Enter the date and time for the year 100 through 9999	8 bytes
Currency	Currency values and numeric values 1 to 4 decimal	8 bytes
Auto number	A unique sequential (increment by 1)	4 bytes
Yes/No	Yes and No values and fields that contain any one of the values (Y/N, T/F, On/Off)	1 bit (0 or 1)
OLE object	An object (word, excel, graphics, picture, sound etc.)	Up to 1 GB
Hyperlink	Text or combination of text and numbers.	Up to 2048 characters

 

37) List the different types of Field properties of the database:

Ans: Field properties of the database.

Property	Meaning
Field size	Maximum number of characters or value you can enter.
Format	It gives the layout for the field.
Input Mask	A way/pattern of data to be entered.
Caption	The label of field.
Decimal places	The number of digits to the right of decimal place.
Default value	The value automatically enters for the new record.
Validation rule	An expression that limits the value to be entered in the field.
Required	The data should be entered.
Allow zero length	Permit the zero length of string
Indexed	It speed up the searches and sorting operation

38) Define Sorting (SLC 2068, 2071, SEE 2073 Supp.) and filtering.

Sorting: 

Arranging the records in a particular order of a field is known as sorting. The order of  sorting may be entered in ascending order (A-Z) or descending order (Z-A)

Filtering: 

Filtering is an activity by which specified records only can be seen on the basis of criteria.

 

39) Difference between database and DBMS.

Ans: Following are the difference between database and DBMS

Database	DBMS
It is a collection of facts or data.	It is software to manage databases.
It consists of data.	It manages data stored in the database.
It is a part of DBMS.	It is a software system which contains database
It is not secured.	It is secured.
E.g. Result sheet, inventory, salary sheet etc..	E.g. Ms-Access, FoxPro, SQL, Oracal etc..

40) What is Field size?

Ans: Field size property to set a maximum size for data stored in a fixed set to the text, number or auto-number data type.

 

41) Difference between number and auto-number.

Number: It is used to store numbers in the field

Autonumber: It is used to enter a unique number in the row automatically. 

 

42) What is a database? Give two examples. (SLC 2069)

Ans:    Database is a collection of related data that can be used for multiple purposes. Two examples of databases are telephone directories, students record, dictionaries etc.

 

43) Write any two uses of the primary key? (SLC 2069)

Ans: Two uses of primary key are:

i) Use to uniquely identify each record in the database.

ii) Prevents data redundancy in the primary key field.

 

44) What is a query?     (SLC 2069)

Ans: A query is an object of Ms-Access which is used to take different types of action on the database. There are two types of Queries that is Action query and select query.

 

45) What is data redundancy? How can it be reduced in the database? (SEE 2074)

Ans: The repetition of the same piece of data in a database in more than one location is called data redundancy. Data redundancy can be minimized by normalization of the database.

46) Write any two functions of the form.  (SEE 2075)

Ans: Any two functions of form are

i) It allows designing the layout of the field on screen in any arrangement.

ii) It shows only the information we want to see.

 

47)       Differentiate between fields and records with an example.  (SEE 2075 State 2)

Field	Record
A column in a table is called a field, and it contains a specific piece of information within a record.	The collection of multiple related fields is known as a record.
E.g.: Name, Address, Telephone	E.g.: Ram Chabahil 4468790

    

48) What is data sorting? List any two advantages of it. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Ans: The process of arranging the data in a specific order.

Following are the advantages of sorting.

i) Easy to arrange the data in a table.

ii) Data can be read easily with the help of sorting.

49) What is a primary key? List any two advantages of it. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Ans: A primary key is a special relational database table column designated to uniquely identify each table record.

Following are the advantages of the primary key

i) Duplicate data prevented by the primary key.

ii) With the help of primary key relationships can be created between tables.

50) What is DBMS? Write any two examples. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Ans: DBMS is a computer program or software which is used to manage data systematically.

Following are the two examples of DBMS:

i) Ms-Access

ii) Foxpro

51) List the field name from the following table structure. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Symbol no	Name	Marks
00100200Q	Mahesh Joshi	85
00100201R	Sujata Gurung	91

 Ans: The field names are:

Symbol no, Name, Marks

52) What is DBMS? Write four objects of MS-Access. (SEE 2079)

Ans: DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that allows users to create, manage, and manipulate databases.
Four objects of MS-Access are:
i) Table
ii) Query
iii) Form
iv) Report

 53) What are validation text and validation rules? (SEE 2079)

Ans: Validation text: Validation text is the message that is displayed when a user enters invalid data into a form field in a database.

Validation Rules: A validation rule is a criterion that is set to restrict or limit the type of data that can be entered into a form field in a database.

 54) What is form? Write two advantages of it. (SEE 2079)

Ans: A form is a graphical user interface that allows users to enter and view data in a database table.
Two advantages of form are as here under:
i) Simplifies data entry and improves data accuracy
ii) Provides a user-friendly interface for accessing and updating data

 55) What is a record? Why is the primary key necessary in the record? (SEE 2079)

Ans: A record is a collection of related data that is stored as a row in a table. It typically contains information about a specific entity, such as a customer or a product.
Here are some reasons why a primary key is necessary in a database record:
i) Ensures each record is unique
ii) Facilitates efficient searching and sorting of records.

56) Define DBMS with any two examples. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Ans: A database management system (DBMS) is a software system that allows users to create, access, and manage data in a database.
Two examples of DBMS are:
i) Ms-Access
ii) Oracle

57) What is a report in Ms-Access? Mention the importance of the report in the database. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)
Ans: A report is an object of MS Access that presents data from a database in a formatted and organized way.
Following are the importance of Ms-Access.
i) Reports help present data in a more structured and readable format, making it easier for users to understand and analyze information.
ii) Reports can include charts, graphs, and visual elements that facilitate data analysis and decision-making.

58) Define the primary key. Write its features. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)
Ans: A primary key is a unique and identifying field within a database table that serves as a unique identifier for each record or row.
The following are the features of the primary key:
i) Identify each row in the table uniquely.
ii) Establish relationships between tables.

59) List the field name and records used in the following structure. (SEE Grade Promotion Exam 2078)

Ans:

Fields name: symbol_no, Name and Marks

Records: 001009010, Hari Thapa, 85 and 00100901Q, Binu Sharma 91