Un-conditional statements break, continue, and goto in C Programming

Following  are some unconditional or jump statements in C programming

• break
• continue
• goto

 

Break statement

The Break statement is used to exit from while, for, do while, or switch structures. It can only be used inside the body of for, while, do-while or switch statements. The break statement was written simply as a break without any embedded expressions or statements.

Syntax:

Example 1 #include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() {      int num =0;      while(num<=100)      {         printf("value of variable num is: %d\n", num);         if (num==2)         {             break;         }         num++;      }      printf("Out of while-loop"); getch(); }	Output   value of variable num is: 0 value of variable num is: 1 value of variable num is: 2 Out of while-loop
Example 2 #include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() {       int var;       for (var =100; var>=10; var --)       {            printf("var: %d\n", var);            if (var==99)            {                break;            }       }      printf("Out of for-loop");      getch(); }	Output   var: 100 var: 99 Out of for-loop

 

 

Continue statement

The continue statement skips the remaining statements in the body of a while, for, or do while structure. The continue statement can be included within a while, do-while or for statements.  It is written simply s continue; without any embedded statements or expressions.

Syntax:

Example: 1 #include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() {    for (int j=0; j<=8; j++)    {       if (j==4)       {  /* The continue statement is encountered when                   the value of j is equal to 4.*/                 continue;        }        /* This print statement would not execute for the * loop iteration where j ==4  because in that case * this statement would be skipped. */        printf("%d ", j);    }    getch(); }

Output   0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 Note: Note: Value 4 is missing in the output, why? When the value of variable j is 4, the program encountered a continue statement, which makes the control jump at the beginning of the for loop for the next iteration, skipping the statements for the current iteration (that’s the reason printf didn’t execute when j is equal to 4).

Example 2 #include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() {     int counter=10;     while (counter >=0)     {              if (counter= =7)              {                   counter--;                   continue;              }              printf("%d  ", counter);              counter--;     }     getch(); }

Output   10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 0   Note: The print statement is quit for loop when the value of the counter was 7.

 

Difference between break and continue

Break	Continue
1.    This statement is used to terminate the switch and loop.   2.    This statement terminates the whole operation of the loop.   3.    The break keyword is used for the break.   4. Syntax:  break; 5. Example: #include<stdio.h> main() { int n; for(n=1;n<=5;n++) { if(n==3) continue; } printf("number = %d\n", n); } getch();	1.    This statement is used to bypass the execution of the statement.   2.    It passes only one (single) execution of the loop.   3.    The continue keyword is used for the continue statement.   4. Syntax:  continue;   5. Example: #include<stdio.h> main() { int n; for(n=1;n<=5;n++) { if(n==3) continue; } printf("number = %d\n", n); } getch();

 

 goto statement

The Goto statement is used to alter the normal sequence of program execution by transferring control to the other part of the current function. The goto statement is written as a goto label; where the label is an identifier that is used to label the target statement to which control will be transferred.

 

Syntax:

Example:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

 

void main(){

   clrscr() ;

   printf("We are at first printf statement!!!\n") ;

   goto last ;

   printf("We are at second printf statement!!!\n") ;

   printf("We are at third printf statement!!!\n") ;

   last: printf("We are at last printf statement!!!\n") ;

   getch() ;

}

Output: